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it-labs/ТЕМА1/lab1_otchet.md
2026-02-12 09:26:14 +03:00

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# Отчет по теме 1

Ершова Вероника, А-03-24

## 1 Изучение среды GNU Octave

## 2 Настройка текущего каталога

Нажал на окно рядом с *Текущая папка:* и установил путь к папке ТЕМА1:

Скриншот выбора текущей папки

## 3 Изучение интерфейса

Скриншот интерфейса

## 4 Установка пути к папкам ТЕМА1 и ТЕМА2

Скриншот установки

## 5 Изучение работы с системой помощи

Скриншот справки

## 6 Создание матриц и векторов


>> A=randn(4,6)

A =



  -0.3123   0.2623  -0.5659   0.8583  -0.5970   0.9411

  -0.3970   0.8236   0.6951   0.6303  -0.7044  -1.7374

  -1.0984   0.5386  -0.2843  -0.3507  -0.5547  -1.9063

   0.1025   1.1803  -0.4632   0.4787   0.9092  -0.6363

>> B=rand(4,7)

B =



   0.644835   0.573813   0.875185   0.901622   0.128847   0.962663   0.245441

   0.822337   0.515764   0.478145   0.540383   0.080948   0.520514   0.075695

   0.893529   0.350316   0.940080   0.651110   0.694296   0.249719   0.568012

   0.404731   0.782888   0.760890   0.166651   0.586766   0.664987   0.086867

>> C = 4:27

C =



    4    5    6    7    8    9   10   11   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22   23   24   25   26   27


>> H='This is a symbols vector



>>> H='This is a symbols vector

  ^


>> L=\[-2+23.1j, 3-5.6j]

L =

   -2.0000 + 23.1000i    3.0000 -  5.6000i

## 7 Преобразования матриц

>> D = reshape(C, \[], 6)

D =



    4    8   12   16   20   24

    5    9   13   17   21   25

    6   10   14   18   22   26

    7   11   15   19   23   27


>> E=B'\*A

E =



  -1.467808   1.805345  -0.234815   0.952120  -1.091901  -2.782730

  -0.688507   1.687984  -0.428432   1.069487  -0.188416  -1.522026

  -1.417751   2.027711  -0.782629   1.087059  -0.688963  -2.283294

  -1.194195   1.228917  -0.396936   0.965854  -1.128588  -1.437582

  -0.774871   1.166932  -0.485822   0.198993   0.014438  -1.716256

  -0.713412   1.600553  -0.561983   1.385063  -0.475313  -0.897539

  -0.721710   0.535160  -0.288015   0.100733  -0.435934  -1.038587


>> F=\[A,B]

F =



 Columns 1 through 12:



  -0.312294   0.262288  -0.565932   0.858280  -0.597024   0.941114   0.644835   0.573813   0.875185   0.901622   0.128847   0.962663

  -0.396963   0.823623   0.695119   0.630284  -0.704447  -1.737432   0.822337   0.515764   0.478145   0.540383   0.080948   0.520514

  -1.098415   0.538569  -0.284317  -0.350730  -0.554662  -1.906275   0.893529   0.350316   0.940080   0.651110   0.694296   0.249719

   0.102471   1.180265  -0.463169   0.478719   0.909196  -0.636291   0.404731   0.782888   0.760890   0.166651   0.586766   0.664987



 Column 13:



   0.245441

   0.075695

   0.568012

   0.086867


>> G=A.\*D

G =



   -1.2492    2.0983   -6.7912   13.7325  -11.9405   22.5867

   -1.9848    7.4126    9.0365   10.7148  -14.7934  -43.4358

   -6.5905    5.3857   -3.9804   -6.3131  -12.2026  -49.5632

    0.7173   12.9829   -6.9475    9.0957   20.9115  -17.1799



>> M=G./4.5

M =



   -0.2776    0.4663   -1.5092    3.0517   -2.6534    5.0193

   -0.4411    1.6472    2.0081    2.3811   -3.2874   -9.6524

   -1.4646    1.1968   -0.8845   -1.4029   -2.7117  -11.0140

    0.1594    2.8851   -1.5439    2.0213    4.6470   -3.8177


>> DDD=D.^3

DDD =



      64     512    1728    4096    8000   13824

     125     729    2197    4913    9261   15625

     216    1000    2744    5832   10648   17576

     343    1331    3375    6859   12167   19683


>> DL=D>=20

DL =



  0  0  0  0  1  1

  0  0  0  0  1  1

  0  0  0  0  1  1

  0  0  0  0  1  1


>> Dstolb=D(:)

Dstolb =



    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9

   10

   11

   12

   13

   14

   15

   16

   17

   18

   19

   20

   21

   22

   23

   24

   25

   26

   27

## 8 Изучение стандартных математических функций и операций с матрицами

>> B1=sqrt(B)

B1 =



   0.8030   0.7575   0.9355   0.9495   0.3590   0.9812   0.4954

   0.9068   0.7182   0.6915   0.7351   0.2845   0.7215   0.2751

   0.9453   0.5919   0.9696   0.8069   0.8332   0.4997   0.7537

   0.6362   0.8848   0.8723   0.4082   0.7660   0.8155   0.2947


>> B2=log(B)

B2 =



  -0.438761  -0.555453  -0.133320  -0.103559  -2.049133  -0.038052  -1.404697

  -0.195605  -0.662106  -0.737842  -0.615477  -2.513947  -0.652939  -2.581039

  -0.112577  -1.048919  -0.061790  -0.429077  -0.364857  -1.387420  -0.565612

  -0.904533  -0.244765  -0.273267  -1.791851  -0.533128  -0.407988  -2.443381



>> B3=sin(B)

B3 =



   0.601067   0.542838   0.767662   0.784334   0.128490   0.820716   0.242985

   0.732738   0.493200   0.460133   0.514464   0.080860   0.497326   0.075623

   0.779288   0.343195   0.807605   0.606069   0.639845   0.247131   0.537958

   0.393772   0.705330   0.689566   0.165881   0.553671   0.617049   0.086757



>> B1=sqrt(B)

B1 =



   0.8030   0.7575   0.9355   0.9495   0.3590   0.9812   0.4954

   0.9068   0.7182   0.6915   0.7351   0.2845   0.7215   0.2751

   0.9453   0.5919   0.9696   0.8069   0.8332   0.4997   0.7537

   0.6362   0.8848   0.8723   0.4082   0.7660   0.8155   0.2947


>> B2=log(B)

B2 =



  -0.438761  -0.555453  -0.133320  -0.103559  -2.049133  -0.038052  -1.404697

  -0.195605  -0.662106  -0.737842  -0.615477  -2.513947  -0.652939  -2.581039

  -0.112577  -1.048919  -0.061790  -0.429077  -0.364857  -1.387420  -0.565612

  -0.904533  -0.244765  -0.273267  -1.791851  -0.533128  -0.407988  -2.443381


>> B3=sin(B)

B3 =



   0.601067   0.542838   0.767662   0.784334   0.128490   0.820716   0.242985

   0.732738   0.493200   0.460133   0.514464   0.080860   0.497326   0.075623

   0.779288   0.343195   0.807605   0.606069   0.639845   0.247131   0.537958

   0.393772   0.705330   0.689566   0.165881   0.553671   0.617049   0.086757



>> NN=linspace(11.5,34.1,20)

NN =



 Columns 1 through 15:



   11.500   12.689   13.879   15.068   16.258   17.447   18.637   19.826   21.016   22.205   23.395   24.584   25.774   26.963   28.153



 Columns 16 through 20:



   29.342   30.532   31.721   32.911   34.100


>> FF=ones(2,4)

FF =



   1   1   1   1

   1   1   1   1


>> GG=zeros(5)

GG =



   0   0   0   0   0

   0   0   0   0   0

   0   0   0   0   0

   0   0   0   0   0

   0   0   0   0   0



>> B1D=diag(B1)

B1D =



   0.8030

   0.7182

   0.9696

   0.4082


>> DB=diag(B1D)

DB =



Diagonal Matrix



   0.8030        0        0        0

        0   0.7182        0        0

        0        0   0.9696        0

        0        0        0   0.4082


>> BS1=sort(B)

BS1 =



   0.404731   0.350316   0.478145   0.166651   0.080948   0.249719   0.075695

   0.644835   0.515764   0.760890   0.540383   0.128847   0.520514   0.086867

   0.822337   0.573813   0.875185   0.651110   0.586766   0.664987   0.245441

   0.893529   0.782888   0.940080   0.901622   0.694296   0.962663   0.568012



>> BS2=sortrows(B,2)

BS2 =



   0.893529   0.350316   0.940080   0.651110   0.694296   0.249719   0.568012

   0.822337   0.515764   0.478145   0.540383   0.080948   0.520514   0.075695

   0.644835   0.573813   0.875185   0.901622   0.128847   0.962663   0.245441

   0.404731   0.782888   0.760890   0.166651   0.586766   0.664987   0.086867


>> DS1=sum(D)

DS1 =



    22    38    54    70    86   102


>> DS2=sum(D,2)

DS2 =


    84

    90

    96

   102



>> DP1=prod(D)

DP1 =



      840     7920    32760    93024   212520   421200



>> dt=det(A\*A')

dt = 73.956


>> dinv=inv(A\*A')

dinv =



   4.4666e-01  -1.9520e-02   1.0379e-01  -3.8572e-03

  -1.9520e-02   4.8342e-01  -3.4279e-01  -8.4195e-02

   1.0379e-01  -3.4279e-01   4.5435e-01  -1.6761e-02

  -3.8572e-03  -8.4195e-02  -1.6761e-02   3.6871e-01


## 9 Изучение индексации в матрицах


>> D1=D(3,5)

D1 = 22

>> D2=D(3,4:end)

D2 =


   18   22   26



>> D3=D(2:3,3:5)

D3 =



   13   17   21

   14   18   22


>> D4=D(16:20)

D4 =



   19   20   21   22   23



>> D5=D(3:4,\[1,3,6])

D5 =



    6   14   26

    7   15   27

## 10 Изучение управляющих конструкций


>> Dsum=0

Dsum = 0

>> for i=1:6

Dsum=Dsum+sqrt(D(2,i))

endfor

Dsum = 2.2361

Dsum = 5.2361

Dsum = 8.8416

Dsum = 12.965

Dsum = 17.547

Dsum = 22.547


>> Dsum2=0;i=1

i = 1


>> while (D(i)<22)

Dsum2=Dsum2+sin(D(i))

i=i+1

endwhile

Dsum2 = -0.7568

i = 2

Dsum2 = -1.7157

i = 3

Dsum2 = -1.9951

i = 4

Dsum2 = -1.3382

i = 5

Dsum2 = -0.3488

i = 6

Dsum2 = 0.063321

i = 7

Dsum2 = -0.4807

i = 8

Dsum2 = -1.4807

i = 9

Dsum2 = -2.0173

i = 10

Dsum2 = -1.5971

i = 11

Dsum2 = -0.6065

i = 12

Dsum2 = 0.043799

i = 13

Dsum2 = -0.2441

i = 14

Dsum2 = -1.2055

i = 15

Dsum2 = -1.9565

i = 16

Dsum2 = -1.8066

i = 17

Dsum2 = -0.8937

i = 18

Dsum2 = -0.057011

i = 19

>> if (D(3,5)>=20)

printf('D(3,5)>=20')

else

printf('D(3,5)<20')

endif

D(3,5)>=20

## 11 Изучение графических функций и их вывод

graphics_toolkit('gnuplot')

plot(D(1,:),B([2,4],1:6))

Обычный график

hist(A(:),6)

Гистограмма

pie(C)

Круговая диаграмма

bar(C)

График bar

## 12 Изучение текстового редактора и добавление программы

>> Prog1



D1 = 22

D2 =



&nbsp;  18   22   26



D3 =



&nbsp;  13   17   21

&nbsp;  14   18   22



D4 =



&nbsp;  19   20   21   22   23



D5 =



&nbsp;   6   14   26

&nbsp;   7   15   27



>> Prog1

D1 = 22

D2 =



&nbsp;  18   22   26



D3 =



&nbsp;  13   17   21

&nbsp;  14   18   22



D4 =



&nbsp;  19   20   21   22   23



D5 =



&nbsp;   6   14   26

&nbsp;   7   15   27



>>

## 13 Сохранение и загрузка области переменных

Загрузка области данных