#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;

char nibble_to_hex(uint8_t i) {
assert(0x0 <= i && i <= 0xf);
static const char digits[] = "0123456789abcdef";
return digits[i];
}
char bit_digit(uint8_t byte, uint8_t bit) {
return (byte & (0x1 << bit)) ? '1' : '0';
}

const uint8_t* as_bytes(const void* data) {
return reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(data);
}

void print_in_hex(uint8_t byte) {
cout << nibble_to_hex(byte >> 4);
cout << nibble_to_hex(byte & 0xf);
}

void print_in_hex(const void* data, size_t size) {
const uint8_t* bytes = as_bytes(data);
for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
print_in_hex(bytes[i]);
if ((i + 1) % 16 == 0) {
cout << '\n';
}
else {
cout << ' ';
}
}
}

void print_in_binary(uint8_t byte) {

for (int bit = 7; bit >= 0; bit--) {
    cout << bit_digit(byte, bit);
}
}

void print_in_binary(const void* data, size_t size) {
const uint8_t* bytes = as_bytes(data);
for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
print_in_binary(bytes[i]);

    if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0) {
        cout << '\n';
    }
    else {
        cout << ' ';
    }
}
}