@ -1,384 +1 @@
Тема 4 Соловьёва Е . Д .
os import
SyntaxError : invalid syntax
import os
os . chdir ( ' C: \\ Users \\ Ekaterina \\ OneDrive \\ Desktop \\ Solovyova \\ python-labs \\ TEMA4 ' )
help ( ' round ' )
Help on built - in function round in module builtins :
round ( number , ndigits = None )
Round a number to a given precision in decimal digits .
The return value is an integer if ndigits is omitted or None . Otherwise
the return value has the same type as the number . ndigits may be negative .
round ( 123.456 , 1 )
123.5
round ( 123.456 , 0 )
123.0
type ( 123.5 )
< class ' float ' >
type ( 123.0 )
< class ' float ' >
s = round ( 123.456 , 1 )
ss = type ( 123.5 )
ss = round ( 123.456 , 0 )
type ( ss )
< class ' float ' >
type ( s )
< class ' float ' >
round ( 123.456 )
123
type ( 123 )
< class ' int ' >
gg = range ( 76 , 123 , 9 )
пп
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#16> " , line 1 , in < module >
пп
NameError : name ' пп ' is not defined
gg
range ( 76 , 123 , 9 )
list ( gg )
[ 76 , 85 , 94 , 103 , 112 , 121 ]
range ( 23 )
range ( 0 , 23 )
list ( range ( 23 ) )
[ 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]
qq = ' Solovyova '
gg = ' Ivanov ' , ' Lazarev ' , ' Likova '
ff = zip ( gg , qq )
ff
< zip object at 0x000001308EED4840 >
tuple ( ff )
( ( ' Ivanov ' , ' S ' ) , ( ' Lazarev ' , ' o ' ) , ( ' Likova ' , ' l ' ) )
gg = range ( 76 , 123 , 9 )
list ( gg )
[ 76 , 85 , 94 , 103 , 112 , 121 ]
qq = [ " Соловьёва " , " Лыкова " , " Филиппова " , " Мельников " ]
ff = zip ( gg , qq )
аа
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#30> " , line 1 , in < module >
аа
NameError : name ' аа ' is not defined
ff
< zip object at 0x0000013090F83C40 >
tuple ( ff )
( ( 76 , ' Соловьёва ' ) , ( 85 , ' Лыкова ' ) , ( 94 , ' Филиппова ' ) , ( 103 , ' Мельников ' ) )
ff [ 0 ]
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#33> " , line 1 , in < module >
ff [ 0 ]
TypeError : ' zip ' object is not subscriptable
fff = float ( input ( ' коэффициент усиления= ' ) ) ; dan = eval ( ' 5*fff-156 ' )
коэффициент усиления = 5
fff
5.0
fff = float ( input ( ' коэффициент усиления= ' ) ) ; dan = eval ( ' 5*fff-156 ' )
коэффициент усиления = 0
fff
0.0
fff = float ( input ( ' коэффициент усиления= ' ) ) ; dan = eval ( ' 5*fff-156 ' )
коэффициент усиления = 5
fff = float ( input ( ' коэффициент усиления= ' ) ) ; dan = eval ( ' 5*fff-156 ' )
коэффициент усиления = 5
fff
5.0
dan
- 131.0
exec ( input ( ' введите инструкции: ' ) )
введите инструкции : perem = - 123.456 ; gg = round ( abs ( perem ) + 98 , 3 )
пп
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#43> " , line 1 , in < module >
пп
NameError : name ' пп ' is not defined
gg
221.456
abs ( - 5 )
5
pow ( 2 , 3 )
8
max ( [ 1 , 5 , 2 ] )
5
min ( [ 1 , 5 , 2 ] )
1
sum ( [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] )
6
divmod ( 10 , 3 )
( 3 , 1 )
len ( " abc " )
3
list ( map ( str , [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] ) )
[ ' 1 ' , ' 2 ' , ' 3 ' ]
import math
dir ( math )
[ ' __doc__ ' , ' __loader__ ' , ' __name__ ' , ' __package__ ' , ' __spec__ ' , ' acos ' , ' acosh ' , ' asin ' , ' asinh ' , ' atan ' , ' atan2 ' , ' atanh ' , ' cbrt ' , ' ceil ' , ' comb ' , ' copysign ' , ' cos ' , ' cosh ' , ' degrees ' , ' dist ' , ' e ' , ' erf ' , ' erfc ' , ' exp ' , ' exp2 ' , ' expm1 ' , ' fabs ' , ' factorial ' , ' floor ' , ' fma ' , ' fmod ' , ' frexp ' , ' fsum ' , ' gamma ' , ' gcd ' , ' hypot ' , ' inf ' , ' isclose ' , ' isfinite ' , ' isinf ' , ' isnan ' , ' isqrt ' , ' lcm ' , ' ldexp ' , ' lgamma ' , ' log ' , ' log10 ' , ' log1p ' , ' log2 ' , ' modf ' , ' nan ' , ' nextafter ' , ' perm ' , ' pi ' , ' pow ' , ' prod ' , ' radians ' , ' remainder ' , ' sin ' , ' sinh ' , ' sqrt ' , ' sumprod ' , ' tan ' , ' tanh ' , ' tau ' , ' trunc ' , ' ulp ' ]
help ( math . factorial )
Help on built - in function factorial in module math :
factorial ( n , / )
Find n ! .
math . factorial ( 5 )
120
help ( math . factorial )
Help on built - in function factorial in module math :
factorial ( n , / )
Find n ! .
math . sin ( 3.14 )
0.0015926529164868282
math . acos ( 0.5 )
1.0471975511965979
math . degrees ( 56 )
3208.56365273261
math . degrees ( 1 )
57.29577951308232
math . radians ( 57.29577951308232 )
1.0
math . exp ( 1 )
2.718281828459045
math . log ( 10 )
2.302585092994046
math . log ( 2.302585092994046 )
0.834032445247956
math . log10 ( 100 )
2.0
math . sqrt ( 16 )
4.0
math . ceil ( 1.2 )
2
math . floor ( 0.9 )
0
math . pi
3.141592653589793
math . sin ( 2 * math . pi / 7 + math . exp ( 0.23 ) )
0.8334902641414562
import cmath
dir ( cmath )
[ ' __doc__ ' , ' __loader__ ' , ' __name__ ' , ' __package__ ' , ' __spec__ ' , ' acos ' , ' acosh ' , ' asin ' , ' asinh ' , ' atan ' , ' atanh ' , ' cos ' , ' cosh ' , ' e ' , ' exp ' , ' inf ' , ' infj ' , ' isclose ' , ' isfinite ' , ' isinf ' , ' isnan ' , ' log ' , ' log10 ' , ' nan ' , ' nanj ' , ' phase ' , ' pi ' , ' polar ' , ' rect ' , ' sin ' , ' sinh ' , ' sqrt ' , ' tan ' , ' tanh ' , ' tau ' ]
cmath . sqrt ( 1.2 - 0.5 j )
( 1.118033988749895 - 0.22360679774997896 j )
cmath . phase ( 1 - 0.5 j )
- 0.4636476090008061
dir ( random )
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#76> " , line 1 , in < module >
dir ( random )
NameError : name ' random ' is not defined . Did you forget to import ' random ' ?
import random
dir ( random )
[ ' BPF ' , ' LOG4 ' , ' NV_MAGICCONST ' , ' RECIP_BPF ' , ' Random ' , ' SG_MAGICCONST ' , ' SystemRandom ' , ' TWOPI ' , ' _ONE ' , ' _Sequence ' , ' __all__ ' , ' __builtins__ ' , ' __cached__ ' , ' __doc__ ' , ' __file__ ' , ' __loader__ ' , ' __name__ ' , ' __package__ ' , ' __spec__ ' , ' _accumulate ' , ' _acos ' , ' _bisect ' , ' _ceil ' , ' _cos ' , ' _e ' , ' _exp ' , ' _fabs ' , ' _floor ' , ' _index ' , ' _inst ' , ' _isfinite ' , ' _lgamma ' , ' _log ' , ' _log2 ' , ' _os ' , ' _parse_args ' , ' _pi ' , ' _random ' , ' _repeat ' , ' _sha512 ' , ' _sin ' , ' _sqrt ' , ' _test ' , ' _test_generator ' , ' _urandom ' , ' betavariate ' , ' binomialvariate ' , ' choice ' , ' choices ' , ' expovariate ' , ' gammavariate ' , ' gauss ' , ' getrandbits ' , ' getstate ' , ' lognormvariate ' , ' main ' , ' normalvariate ' , ' paretovariate ' , ' randbytes ' , ' randint ' , ' random ' , ' randrange ' , ' sample ' , ' seed ' , ' setstate ' , ' shuffle ' , ' triangular ' , ' uniform ' , ' vonmisesvariate ' , ' weibullvariate ' ]
help ( random . seed )
Help on method seed in module random :
seed ( a = None , version = 2 ) method of random . Random instance
Initialize internal state from a seed .
The only supported seed types are None , int , float ,
str , bytes , and bytearray .
None or no argument seeds from current time or from an operating
system specific randomness source if available .
If * a * is an int , all bits are used .
For version 2 ( the default ) , all of the bits are used if * a * is a str ,
bytes , or bytearray . For version 1 ( provided for reproducing random
sequences from older versions of Python ) , the algorithm for str and
bytes generates a narrower range of seeds .
random . seed ( )
a = random . seed ( )
a
random . random ( )
0.6199792494543297
random . uniform ( 1 , 10 )
7.745269197841402
random . randint ( 1 , 6 )
3
random . gauss ( 0 , 1 )
1.0442172814729307
random . choice ( [ ' a ' , ' b ' , ' c ' ] )
' b '
lst = [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] ; random . shuffle ( lst )
random . shuffle ( lst )
дые
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#90> " , line 1 , in < module >
дые
NameError : name ' дые ' is not defined
lst
[ 3 , 2 , 1 ]
random . shuffle ( lst )
lst
[ 3 , 2 , 1 ]
random . shuffle ( lst )
lst
[ 3 , 1 , 2 ]
random . sample ( [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] )
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#96> " , line 1 , in < module >
random . sample ( [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] )
TypeError : Random . sample ( ) missing 1 required positional argument : ' k '
random . sample ( [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] , 2 )
[ 4 , 2 ]
random . sample ( [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] , 2 )
[ 2 , 4 ]
random . sample ( [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] , 2 )
[ 3 , 1 ]
random . betavariate ( 2 , 5 )
0.27219690103691246
random . gammavariate ( 2 , 1 )
2.5239555636492557
spisok = [ random . uniform ( 1 , 10 ) , random . gauss ( 0 , 1 ) , random . betavariate ( 2 , 5 ) , random . gammavariate ( 2 , 1 ) ]
spisok
[ 4.813064235823525 , - 0.2439125318449509 , 0.12581423894318752 , 1.940336067871031 ]
import time
dir ( time )
[ ' _STRUCT_TM_ITEMS ' , ' __doc__ ' , ' __loader__ ' , ' __name__ ' , ' __package__ ' , ' __spec__ ' , ' altzone ' , ' asctime ' , ' ctime ' , ' daylight ' , ' get_clock_info ' , ' gmtime ' , ' localtime ' , ' mktime ' , ' monotonic ' , ' monotonic_ns ' , ' perf_counter ' , ' perf_counter_ns ' , ' process_time ' , ' process_time_ns ' , ' sleep ' , ' strftime ' , ' strptime ' , ' struct_time ' , ' thread_time ' , ' thread_time_ns ' , ' time ' , ' time_ns ' , ' timezone ' , ' tzname ' ]
c1 = time . time ( )
c2 = time . time ( ) - c1
c2
18.061716318130493
c1
1760287587.2442193
dat = time . gmtime ( )
dat
time . struct_time ( tm_year = 2025 , tm_mon = 10 , tm_mday = 12 , tm_hour = 16 , tm_min = 51 , tm_sec = 23 , tm_wday = 6 , tm_yday = 285 , tm_isdst = 0 )
dat . tm_mon
10
dat . localtime
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#113> " , line 1 , in < module >
dat . localtime
AttributeError : ' time.struct_time ' object has no attribute ' localtime '
localtime
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#114> " , line 1 , in < module >
localtime
NameError : name ' localtime ' is not defined
time . localtime
< built - in function localtime >
local_time = time . localtime ( )
local_time
time . struct_time ( tm_year = 2025 , tm_mon = 10 , tm_mday = 12 , tm_hour = 19 , tm_min = 54 , tm_sec = 1 , tm_wday = 6 , tm_yday = 285 , tm_isdst = 0 )
c1 = time . time ( )
local_struct = time . localtime ( c1 )
local_struct
time . struct_time ( tm_year = 2025 , tm_mon = 10 , tm_mday = 12 , tm_hour = 19 , tm_min = 59 , tm_sec = 42 , tm_wday = 6 , tm_yday = 285 , tm_isdst = 0 )
time_str = time . asctime ( local_struct )
time_str
' Sun Oct 12 19:59:42 2025 '
time_str2 = time . ctime ( c1 ) \
/
SyntaxError : multiple statements found while compiling a single statement
time_str2 = time . ctime ( c1 )
print ( f " Год: { local_time . tm_year } " )
Год : 2025
time . sleep ( 2 )
time . sleep ( 2 )
seconds = time . mktime ( local_struct )
seconds
1760288382.0
new_struct = time . localtime ( seconds )
new_struct
time . struct_time ( tm_year = 2025 , tm_mon = 10 , tm_mday = 12 , tm_hour = 19 , tm_min = 59 , tm_sec = 42 , tm_wday = 6 , tm_yday = 285 , tm_isdst = 0 )
import pylab
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#134> " , line 1 , in < module >
import pylab
ModuleNotFoundError : No module named ' pylab '
import sys
sys . path . append ( ‘ C : \\Users \Ekaterina \\AppData \\Roaming \\Microsoft \Windows \\Start Menu \\Programs \\Python 3.13 ’ )
SyntaxError : invalid character ' ‘ ' ( U + 2018 )
import sys
sys . path . append ( ' C: \\ Users \ Ekaterina \\ AppData \\ Roaming \\ Microsoft \ Windows \\ Start Menu \\ Programs \\ Python 3.13 ' )
import pylab
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#139> " , line 1 , in < module >
import pylab
ModuleNotFoundError : No module named ' pylab '
pip install matplotlib
SyntaxError : invalid syntax
import matplotlib . pyplot as plt
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#143> " , line 1 , in < module >
import matplotlib . pyplot as plt
ModuleNotFoundError : No module named ' matplotlib '
import pylab
x = list ( range ( - 3 , 55 , 4 ) )
t = list ( range ( 15 ) )
x
[ - 3 , 1 , 5 , 9 , 13 , 17 , 21 , 25 , 29 , 33 , 37 , 41 , 45 , 49 , 53 ]
t
[ 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]
pylab . plot ( t , x )
[ < matplotlib . lines . Line2D object at 0x00000130A1F4E990 > ]
pylab . title
< function title at 0x00000130A1BD8F40 >
pylab . title ( ' Первый график ' )
Text ( 0.5 , 1.0 , ' Первый график ' )
pylab . xlabel ( ' время ' )
Text ( 0.5 , 0 , ' время ' )
pylab . ylabel ( ' сигнал ' )
Text ( 0 , 0.5 , ' сигнал ' )
pylab . show ( )
X1 = [ 12 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 7 ] и X2 = [ 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 ]
SyntaxError : invalid syntax
X1 = [ 12 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 7 ]
X2 = [ 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 ]
pylab . plot ( X1 )
[ < matplotlib . lines . Line2D object at 0x00000130A2AE2E90 > ]
pylab . plot ( X2 )
[ < matplotlib . lines . Line2D object at 0x00000130A2AE2FD0 > ]
pylab . show ( )
pylab . show ( )
region = [ ' Центр ' , ' Урал ' , ' Сибирь ' , ' Юг ' ]
naselen = [ 65 , 12 , 23 , 17 ]
pylab . pie ( naselen , labels = region )
( [ < matplotlib . patches . Wedge object at 0x00000130A1F397F0 > , < matplotlib . patches . Wedge object at 0x00000130A24E8910 > , < matplotlib . patches . Wedge object at 0x00000130A24E8CD0 > , < matplotlib . patches . Wedge object at 0x00000130A24E8F50 > ] , [ Text ( - 0.191013134139045 , 1.0832885038559115 , ' Центр ' ) , Text ( - 0.861328292412156 , - 0.6841882582231001 , ' Урал ' ) , Text ( 0.04429273995539947 , - 1.0991078896938387 , ' Сибирь ' ) , Text ( 0.9873750693480946 , - 0.48486129194837324 , ' Юг ' ) ] )
pylab . show ( )
data = [ 1 , 2 , 2 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 5 ]
plt . hist ( data , 5 )
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#167> " , line 1 , in < module >
plt . hist ( data , 5 )
NameError : name ' plt ' is not defined
pylab . hist ( data , 5 )
( array ( [ 1. , 2. , 3. , 2. , 1. ] ) , array ( [ 1. , 1.8 , 2.6 , 3.4 , 4.2 , 5. ] ) , < BarContainer object of 5 artists > )
pylab . show ( )
c = [ ' A ' , ' B ' , ' C ' ]
v = [ 10 , 25 , 15 ]
pylab . . bar ( c , v )
SyntaxError : invalid syntax
pylab . bar ( c , v )
< BarContainer object of 3 artists >
pylab . show ( )
sred = statistics . mean ( data )
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#175> " , line 1 , in < module >
sred = statistics . mean ( data )
NameError : name ' statistics ' is not defined . Did you forget to import ' statistics ' ?
import statistic
Traceback ( most recent call last ) :
File " <pyshell#176> " , line 1 , in < module >
import statistic
ModuleNotFoundError : No module named ' statistic '
import statistics
sred = statistics . mean ( data )
often = statistics . mode ( data )
often
3
mediana = statistics . median ( data )
mediana
3
moda = statistics . mode ( data )
