lab-04/main.cpp

// Created by Professional on 10.12.2025.
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdint>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cassert>
using namespace std;

struct Student {
    char     name[17];        // имя + '\0'
    uint16_t year;            // год поступления (2 байта)
    float    gpa;             // средний балл
    unsigned gender : 1;      // 1 бит: 0 — жен, 1 — муж
    unsigned courses;         // количество курсов (обычное целое)
    struct Student* headman;  // указатель на старосту
};

char nibble_to_hex(uint8_t i){
    assert(0x0 <= i && i <= 0xf);
    switch (i) {
        case 0x0: return '0';
        case 0x1: return '1';
        case 0x2: return '2';
        case 0x3: return '3';
        case 0x4: return '4';
        case 0x5: return '5';
        case 0x6: return '6';
        case 0x7: return '7';
        case 0x8: return '8';
        case 0x9: return '9';
        case 0xA: return 'A';
        case 0xB: return 'B';
        case 0xC: return 'C';
        case 0xD: return 'D';
        case 0xE: return 'E';
        case 0xF: return 'F';
        default:  return '?';
    }

}
void print_in_hex(uint8_t byte) {
    cout<< nibble_to_hex(byte >> 4)<<""<<nibble_to_hex(byte & 0x0F);
}

void print_in_hex(const void* data, size_t size) {
    const uint8_t* bytes = (const uint8_t*)data;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
        print_in_hex(bytes[i]);      // байт в шестнадцатеричном виде
        if ((i + 1) % 16 == 0) {
            cout << '\n';
        }
        else {
            cout << ' ';
        }
    }

}
char bit_digit(uint8_t byte, uint8_t bit) {
    if (byte & (0x1 << bit)) {
        return '1';
    }
    return '0';
}
void print_in_binary(uint8_t byte) {
    for (int bit = 7; bit >= 0; --bit) {
        printf("%d", (byte >> bit) & 1);
    }
}

void print_in_binary(const void* data, size_t size) {
    const uint8_t* bytes = (const uint8_t*)data;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
        print_in_binary(bytes[i]);      // вывод по одному байту
        printf(" ");                    // пробел между байтами
        if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0)           // перевод строки после 4 байт
            printf("\n");
    }
    if (size % 4 != 0)
        printf("\n");

}

int main() {
    struct Student group[3] = {
            { "Ivanov", 2023, 4.5f, 1, 10, NULL },   // [0] староста
            { "Petrova", 2023, 4.2f, 0, 8,  &group[0] }, // [1]
            { "Sidorov", 2023, 3.9f, 1, 6,  &group[0] }  // [2]
    };

    /* 1) Адрес и размер массива */
    printf("group address = %p, sizeof(group) = %zu\n",
           (void*)group, sizeof(group));

    /* 2) Адреса и размеры элементов массива */
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
        printf("group[%d]: address = %p, sizeof = %zu\n",
               i, (void*)&group[i], sizeof group[i]);
    }

    /* 3) Информация по полям (пример для group[1], не староста) */
    struct Student *s = &group[1];
    printf("\nField name:    addr=%p, offset=%zu, size=%zu\n",
           (void*)&s->name, offsetof(struct Student, name),
           sizeof s->name);

    printf("Field year:    addr=%p, offset=%zu, size=%zu\n",
           (void*)&s->year, offsetof(struct Student, year),
           sizeof s->year);

    printf("Field gpa:     addr=%p, offset=%zu, size=%zu\n",
           (void*)&s->gpa, offsetof(struct Student, gpa),
           sizeof s->gpa);

    printf("Field courses: addr=%p, offset=%zu, size=%zu\n",
           (void*)&s->courses, offsetof(struct Student, courses),
           sizeof s->courses);

    printf("Field headman: addr=%p, offset=%zu, size=%zu\n",
           (void*)&s->headman, offsetof(struct Student, headman),
           sizeof s->headman);
    printf("Field name hex:\n");
    print_in_hex(&group[1], sizeof group[1]);
    printf("\nField year hex: ");
    print_in_hex(&s->year, sizeof s->year);
    printf("\nField gpa hex: ");
    print_in_hex(&s->gpa, sizeof s->gpa);
    printf("Field name bin:\n");
    print_in_binary(&group[1], sizeof group[1]);
    printf("Field year bin: ");
    print_in_binary(&s->year, sizeof s->year);
    printf("Field gpa bin: ");
    print_in_binary(&s->gpa, sizeof s->gpa);
    cout<<endl;
    uint16_t a, b, result;
    char op;
    printf("Enter the first operand (0..65535): ");
    cin >> a;
    printf("Enter the operator (&, | or ^):");
    cin >> op;
    printf("Enter the second operand (0..65535): ");
    cin >> b;
    switch (op) {
        case '&':
            result = a & b;
            break;
        case '|':
            result = a | b;
            break;
        case '^':
            result = a ^ b;
            break;
        default:
            cout << "Unknown operator: " << op << endl;
            return 1;
    }

    printf("\nResult of the operation %hu %c %hu:\n", a, op, b);
    printf("Hex: ");
    print_in_hex(&a, sizeof(a));
    printf(" %c ", op);
    print_in_hex(&b, sizeof(b));
    printf(" = ");
    print_in_hex(&result, sizeof(result));
    printf("\n");
    printf("Bin: ");
    print_in_binary(&a, sizeof(a));
    printf("   %c ", op);
    print_in_binary(&b, sizeof(b));
    printf("   = ");
    print_in_binary(&result, sizeof(result));
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}
//test23234