result/lab04_LitvinovaAnna/Task3/main.cpp

#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstring>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>  // Äîáàâëåíî äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ êîäèðîâêîé

// Ñòðóêòóðà ñ áèòîâûì ïîëåì è îáÿçàòåëüíûìè àòðèáóòàìè
struct Student {
    char name[17];
    uint16_t year;
    float gpa;
    uint8_t gender : 1;   // 0 — æåí, 1 — ìóæ
    uint8_t courses : 7;
    Student* captain;
};

// Ïå÷àòü îäíîãî áàéòà â hex
static void print_in_hex(uint8_t byte) {
    static const char digits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
    std::cout << digits[byte >> 4] << digits[byte & 0x0F];
}

// Ïå÷àòü áëîêà â hex ñ ðàçðûâîì ñòðîê êàæäûå 16 áàéò
static void print_in_hex(const void* data, size_t size) {
    const uint8_t* bytes = static_cast<const uint8_t*>(data);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
        print_in_hex(bytes[i]);
        if (i + 1 != size) {
            std::cout << ' ';
        }
        if ((i + 1) % 16 == 0 && i + 1 != size) {
            std::cout << '\n';
        }
    }
}

// Ïå÷àòü îäíîãî áàéòà â äâîè÷íîì âèäå
static void print_in_binary(uint8_t byte) {
    for (int bit = 7; bit >= 0; --bit) {
        std::cout << ((byte >> bit) & 1);
    }
}

// Ïå÷àòü áëîêà â äâîè÷íîì âèäå ñ ïåðåâîäîì ñòðîêè êàæäûå 4 áàéòà
static void print_in_binary(const void* data, size_t size) {
    const uint8_t* bytes = static_cast<const uint8_t*>(data);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
        print_in_binary(bytes[i]);
        if (i + 1 != size) {
            std::cout << ' ';
        }
        if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0 && i + 1 != size) {
            std::cout << '\n';
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    // Íàñòðîéêà êîäèðîâêè êîíñîëè äëÿ ðóññêîãî òåêñòà
    SetConsoleOutputCP(1251);
    SetConsoleCP(1251);

    Student group[3]{};

    // Ñòàðîñòà
    strcpy_s(group[0].name, "Smirnov Denis");  // Èñïðàâëåíî
    group[0].year = 2022;
    group[0].gpa = 4.6f;
    group[0].gender = 1;
    group[0].courses = 3;
    group[0].captain = nullptr;

    // Ñòóäåíòêè
    strcpy_s(group[1].name, "Kuznetsova Al");  // Èñïðàâëåíî
    group[1].year = 2022;
    group[1].gpa = 4.9f;
    group[1].gender = 0;
    group[1].courses = 3;
    group[1].captain = &group[0];

    strcpy_s(group[2].name, "Belova Irina");  // Èñïðàâëåíî
    group[2].year = 2021;
    group[2].gpa = 4.3f;
    group[2].gender = 0;
    group[2].courses = 4;
    group[2].captain = &group[0];

    std::cout << "1) Ìàññèâ ñòóäåíòîâ\n";
    std::cout << "  Àäðåñ: " << static_cast<const void*>(group) << '\n';
    std::cout << "  Ðàçìåð: " << sizeof(group) << " áàéò\n\n";

    std::cout << "2) Ýëåìåíòû ìàññèâà\n";
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
        std::cout << "  #" << i << " àäðåñ: " << static_cast<const void*>(&group[i])
            << " ðàçìåð: " << sizeof(Student) << " áàéò\n";
    }
    std::cout << '\n';

    std::cout << "3) Ïîëÿ âòîðîãî ñòóäåíòà (áåç ïîëà)\n";
    std::cout << "  name\n";
    std::cout << "    àäðåñ: " << static_cast<void*>(group[1].name) << '\n';
    std::cout << "    ñìåùåíèå: " << offsetof(Student, name) << '\n';
    std::cout << "    ðàçìåð: " << sizeof(group[1].name) << " áàéò\n";
    std::cout << "    hex:\n";
    print_in_hex(group[1].name, sizeof(group[1].name));
    std::cout << "\n    bin:\n";
    print_in_binary(group[1].name, sizeof(group[1].name));
    std::cout << "\n\n";

    std::cout << "  year\n";
    std::cout << "    àäðåñ: " << static_cast<const void*>(&group[1].year) << '\n';
    std::cout << "    ñìåùåíèå: " << offsetof(Student, year) << '\n';
    std::cout << "    ðàçìåð: " << sizeof(group[1].year) << " áàéò\n";
    std::cout << "    hex:\n";
    print_in_hex(&group[1].year, sizeof(group[1].year));
    std::cout << "\n    bin:\n";
    print_in_binary(&group[1].year, sizeof(group[1].year));
    std::cout << "\n\n";

    std::cout << "  gpa\n";
    std::cout << "    àäðåñ: " << static_cast<const void*>(&group[1].gpa) << '\n';
    std::cout << "    ñìåùåíèå: " << offsetof(Student, gpa) << '\n';
    std::cout << "    ðàçìåð: " << sizeof(group[1].gpa) << " áàéò\n";
    std::cout << "    hex:\n";
    print_in_hex(&group[1].gpa, sizeof(group[1].gpa));
    std::cout << "\n    bin:\n";
    print_in_binary(&group[1].gpa, sizeof(group[1].gpa));
    std::cout << "\n\n";

    std::cout << "  captain\n";
    std::cout << "    àäðåñ: " << static_cast<const void*>(&group[1].captain) << '\n';
    std::cout << "    ñìåùåíèå: " << offsetof(Student, captain) << '\n';
    std::cout << "    ðàçìåð: " << sizeof(group[1].captain) << " áàéò\n";
    std::cout << "    hex:\n";
    print_in_hex(&group[1].captain, sizeof(group[1].captain));
    std::cout << "\n    bin:\n";
    print_in_binary(&group[1].captain, sizeof(group[1].captain));
    std::cout << "\n\n";

    std::cout << "4) Ñòðóêòóðû â hex\n";
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
        std::cout << "  Ñòóäåíò #" << i
            << (i == 0 ? " (ñòàðîñòà)" : "") << '\n';
        std::cout << "    âñå ïîëÿ:\n";
        print_in_hex(&group[i], sizeof(Student));
        std::cout << '\n';
        std::cout << "    name:\n";
        print_in_hex(&group[i].name, sizeof(group[i].name));
        std::cout << '\n';
        std::cout << "    year:\n";
        print_in_hex(&group[i].year, sizeof(group[i].year));
        std::cout << '\n';
        std::cout << "    gpa:\n";
        print_in_hex(&group[i].gpa, sizeof(group[i].gpa));
        std::cout << '\n';
        uint8_t packed = static_cast<uint8_t>((group[i].gender << 7) | group[i].courses);
        std::cout << "    gender+courses (áàéò):\n";
        print_in_hex(&packed, sizeof(packed));
        std::cout << '\n';
        std::cout << "    captain:\n";
        print_in_hex(&group[i].captain, sizeof(group[i].captain));
        std::cout << "\n\n";
    }

    return 0;
}