Добавление ИКЗ

TEMA9/M0.py

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+import M2
+result = M2.run()
+print("\nГотово. Результаты получены.")

TEMA9/M1.py

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+import math
+def stats(sample):
+    x = list(sample)
+    n = len(x)
+    mn = min(x)
+    mx = max(x)
+    razmah = mx - mn
+    mean = sum(x) / n
+    if n > 1:
+        s = math.sqrt(sum((xi - mean) ** 2 for xi in x) / (n - 1))
+    else:
+        s = 0.0
+    if s == 0:
+        ratio = None
+    else:
+        ratio = razmah / s
+    return mn, mx, razmah, s, ratio
+def intervals(sample, m):
+    mn, mx, razmah, s, ratio = stats(sample)
+    x = sorted(sample)
+    n = len(x)
+    borders = [mn]
+    for k in range(1, m):
+        idx = int(k * n / m)
+        borders.append(x[idx])
+    borders.append(mx)
+    counts = [0] * m
+    for v in sample:
+        placed = False
+        for i in range(m - 1):
+            if borders[i] <= v < borders[i + 1]:
+                counts[i] += 1
+                placed = True
+                break
+        if not placed:
+            if borders[m - 1] <= v <= borders[m]:
+                counts[m - 1] += 1
+    return borders, counts

TEMA9/M2.py

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+import os
+import M1
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+def read_sample(filename):
+    data = []
+    with open(filename, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        for line in f:
+            for t in line.split():
+                data.append(float(t))
+    return data
+def run():
+    while True:
+        fname = input("Введите имя файла с выборкой: ").strip()
+        if os.path.exists(fname):
+            break
+        print("Файл не найден. Попробуйте ещё раз.")
+    sample = read_sample(fname)
+    print("Размер выборки:", len(sample))
+    m = int(input("Введите число интервалов m: "))
+    mn, mx, razmah, s, ratio = M1.stats(sample)
+    borders, counts = M1.intervals(sample, m)
+    print("\n--- Статистики ---")
+    print("min =", mn)
+    print("max =", mx)
+    print("размах =", razmah)
+    print("std =", s)
+    print("размах/std =", ratio)
+    print("\n--- Интервалы ---")
+    for i in range(m):
+        left = borders[i]
+        right = borders[i+1]
+        print(f"[{left}; {right}) -> {counts[i]}" if i < m-1 else f"[{left}; {right}] -> {counts[i]}")
+    labels = []
+    for i in range(m):
+        a = borders[i]
+        b = borders[i+1]
+        if i < m-1:
+            labels.append(f"[{a:.2f};{b:.2f})")
+        else:
+            labels.append(f"[{a:.2f};{b:.2f}]")
+
+    plt.bar(labels, counts)
+    plt.xticks(rotation=45, ha="right")
+    plt.title("Распределение элементов по интервалам")
+    plt.xlabel("Интервалы")
+    plt.ylabel("Число элементов")
+    plt.tight_layout()
+    plt.show()
+    return mn, mx, razmah, s, ratio, borders, counts

TEMA9/sample1.txt

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+1 2 3 4 5 6
+2 2 3 3 4 4
+5 6 7 8 9
+10 11 12

TEMA9/sample2.txt

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+-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
+0 0 1 1 2 2
+3 5 8 13 21
+34